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I Dávila,1 J Mullol,2,3
M Ferrer,4 J Bartra,5,3 A del
Cuvillo,6 J Montoro,7 I Jáuregui,8
J Sastre,9,3 A Valero5,3 |
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1 Servicio de Inmunoalergia, Hospital
Universitario, Salamanca, Spain
2 Unitat de Rinologia & Clínica de lOlfacte, Servei
dOto-rino-laringologia, Hospital Clínic Immunoal.lèrgia
Respiratòria Clínica i Experimental, IDIBAPS. Barcelona,
Spain
3 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de
Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)
4 Departamento de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica, Clínica
Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
5 Unitat dAl.lèrgia, Servei de Pneumologia i Al.lèrgia
Respiratòria, Hospital Clinic (ICT), Barcelona, Spain
6 Clínica Dr. Lobatón, Cádiz, Spain
7 Unidad de Alergia, Hospital La Plana, Vila-Real (Castellón),
Spain
8 Servicio de Alergología, Hospital de Basurto, Bilbao,
Spain
9 Servicio de Alergia, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid,
Spain |
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Abstract |
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The development of
allergic rhinitis
entails a complex
interaction between
genetic
predisposition and
environmental
exposure to
different factors,
of which the most
important is the
implicated allergen.
There is a clear
hereditary component
in allergic rhinitis
that has been well
corroborated by
segregation studies
and investigations
in twins. From the
strictly genetic
perspective, it is
believed that the
disease may
be the result of the
interaction of
different genetic
alterations, each of
which would
contribute a small
defect. In recent
years, considerable
attention has
focused on the genes
that may be
implicated in
allergic rhinitis. A
number of genomic
searches have been
made, yielding
different
chromosomal
associations the
most repeated being
those involving
chromosomes 2, 3, 4
and 9.
Single-nucleotide
polymorphism
studies involving
genes encoding for
molecules implicated
in the pathogenesis
of allergic rhinitis
have also been made.
Such molecules
comprise chemokines
and their receptors,
interleukins and
their receptors,
eosinophil
peroxidase and
leukotrienes, among
others.
Key words:
Allergic rhinitis,
genetics,
polymorphism.
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